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To achieve this, attackers typically take advantage of vulnerabilities in e-commerce platforms and CMSs to gain access to pages they want to inject the skimming script into. This primary goal of web skimming campaigns is to harvest and later exfiltrate users’ payment information, such as credit card details, during checkout. We also offer steps for defenders and users to protect themselves and their organizations from such attacks. In this blog, we provide the technical details of the recent skimming campaigns’ obfuscation techniques. Microsoft 365 Defender provides a coordinated defense that’s enriched by our visibility into attacker infrastructure and continuous monitoring of the threat landscape. Given the scale of web skimming campaigns and the impact they have on organizations and their customers, a comprehensive security solution is needed to detect and block this threat. Some skimming scripts even had anti-debugging mechanisms, in that they first checked if the browser’s developer tools were open. Recently, we’ve also seen compromised web applications injected with malicious JavaScript masquerading as Google Analytics and Meta Pixel (formerly Facebook Pixel) scripts.

In one of the campaigns we’ve observed, attackers obfuscated the skimming script by encoding it in PHP, which, in turn, was embedded inside an image file-a likely attempt to leverage PHP calls when a website’s index page is loaded. One notable web skimming campaign/group is Magecart, which gained media coverage over the years for affecting thousands of websites, including several popular brands. Unfortunately, these platforms and plugins come with vulnerabilities that the attackers have constantly attempted to leverage. Web skimming typically targets platforms like Magento, PrestaShop, and WordPress, which are popular choices for online shops because of their ease of use and portability with third-party plugins. As of this writing, some of the latest skimming HTML and JavaScript files uploaded in VirusTotal have very low detection rates. It’s a shift from earlier tactics where attackers conspicuously injected malicious scripts into e-commerce platforms and content management systems (CMSs) via vulnerability exploitation, making this threat highly evasive to traditional security solutions.

Microsoft security researchers recently observed that web skimming campaigns now employ various obfuscation techniques to deliver and hide skimming scripts.

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